Where is your Combat Zone?

By Charles Aishi Blocher

I am a non-combat veteran who served in the American Air Force during the last few years of the Cold War in an atmosphere that was witnessing the “defeat” of the Soviet Union and the spread of democracy in Eastern Europe. I served at Vanderburg Air Force Base in Lompoc, California (now Space Forces Base), which test-launched nuclear ballistic missile systems. These tests were a simulation of what a typical missile launch would look like if completed in the field. That is, if the U.S. were to launch our nuclear weapons from an operational missile base.

A maintenance and logistical group prepared the launch facility for operational readiness to be launched by the missile crew. I was part of this extensive maintenance and logistical group. So, where was the combat zone? Where was mine? I suggest that the “combat zone” is not always out of the country and not necessarily in armed conflict but is determined by the organization and circumstances. In my case, it was Vandenberg Air Force Base where I was in direct contact with the test launching of the Minute Man III nuclear weapons system. This system was designed to destroy large cities and enemy bases, basically rendering the enemy no means of deploying their forces. However, when a nuclear weapon is launched, there will be no one left to govern nations or deploy any troops. So, was I in a combat situation? What about other supposed non-combatants who are exposed to combat dangers or consequences? What about those members of the military who have direct contact with deploying military troops to a combat zone or those who must receive the deceased troops? Where is their “combat zone?”

Read full story here

Book review: Maria Anna Mariani, “Italian Literature in the Nuclear Age. A Poetics of the Bystander”, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2023

During the Cold War, Italy was not allowed by the international treaties to detain its own nuclear arsenal. However, owing to its strategic geographical position amid the Mediterranean Sea, the Italian peninsula provided an ideal launch platform for NATO’s warheads and aeroplanes. Thus, the indirect involvement of Italy in the Cold War was crucial, albeit underrated and too often passed over in silence by both Italian politicians and intellectuals. Mariani’s fine volume aims to challenge such a grey zone of the Italian memory, by investigating how the discourse on Italian participation in the Cold War was addressed by some Italian authors and intellectuals of the time, namely Italo Calvino, Alberto Moravia, Elsa Morante, Pier Paolo Pasolini, and Leonardo Sciascia.

Read the review here